[資訊] 兵工廠各級球隊訓練與管理 - Part 2

看板Arsenal作者wadissimo (yetanother X'Mas market)時間20年前 (2005/12/22 00:32)推噓0(0推 0噓 0→)

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從這裡翻譯的 http://0rz.net/fe0UU 草草翻譯，有誤請包涵 (接上篇) The reserve team: Training methods and objectives（預備隊：訓練方法與目標） The reserve team coach's main responsibility is to prepare players for the professional team, and he works closely with the head coach to do so. Before every session, they discuss which reserve players should practice with the professional team. This, combined with the players' academic responsibilities, means that sometimes there is no practice session for the reserve team. On these days, their coach assists with the A-team's session, which keeps him up to date on their exercises and training concepts.（預備隊教練的職責在於準備年輕球員為進入職業隊做準備。預備隊教練將與總教練密切合作。在每個訓練時段前，會先討論哪些預備隊球員與職業隊練習。這樣，因為這些預備隊球員有學業職責，意思就是有時預備隊會沒有訓練時段（不知道是不是就是有時半打雜？半練球？）。在這些天，預備隊的教練助理也會協助A隊的訓練時段，並幫助他自己吸收職業A隊的訓練練習與觀念。） The reserve team plays in a round robin against the other Premier League youth teams. Since the idea is to give all youth players maximum exposure to match play, this tournament does not include scoring, advancement or relegation. In spite of this, all the teams try hard and keep up fast pace, because these matches have a high prestige value for them. Wenger always observes these matches, which helps motivate the players even more. （預備隊也參與其他英超俱樂部青年隊的聯賽，為了是給年輕人比賽經驗，但是該賽這不包括升降級。所有隊伍都很努力的打好比賽，好從中吸取價值。溫格也看這些比賽，這樣也可以激勵年輕人求表現） Training methods and concepts for the reserve and youth teams are almost identical to those of the professional team: positional play without opponents,group and team defence tactics,coordination training,games in tight spaces,games on one goal. （訓練方面，預備隊與青年隊的項目幾乎與職業隊無異：比如沒有對手的站位訓練；小組間與整支隊伍的防守戰術，協調訓練，小空間內的比賽，只有一個球門的訓練等） Summary（總結） Whether this club scores a major international victory or not, their coaches are definitely on the right track with their current approach. Wenger has provided Arsenal with a solid soccer philosophy. And instead of just talking about the importance of a close connection between the pros and the youth team, Arsenal has created one. At Arsenal, like any other big professional club, the pressure to succeed is great. Fortunately, this is one club that seems to have infinite patience and confidence in the work of its head coach and his team. （不論這支球會能否再重要國際比賽奪冠與否，他們的教練絕對是在正確的方向。溫格為兵工場提供了一個堅實的足球理念。在其他人談論如何把職業隊與青年隊緊密結合的同時，兵工場已經做到的。在兵工廠，如同其他大型職業球會一樣，總是有要成功的壓力。幸運的，這支球會對總教練與他的隊伍似乎有著無限的耐心與自信。） Coaching philosophy（教練哲學） During the week leading up to the match with Valencia, Arsenal had only four practice sessions. Moreover, some of the foreign players were required to play for their national teams, and a number of players participated in a match with the reserve team. （在對上瓦倫西啞的比賽當週，兵工廠只有四個練習時段。此外一些外籍球員因為要打國家隊賽事，而其他球員則是參與了預備隊的比賽。） Wenger always gives his players the first day off after matches. He believes that mental regeneration with family and/or friends is more important for his players than the customary regeneration run, which functions more as physical regeneration and has no proven training benefits. （溫格總是要求他的球員比賽後的那天休息。他相信與家庭或朋友相處，比起隔天馬上叫球員做做跑步練習還好，還比較可以恢復身心。後者雖然可以幫助體能回復，但是卻對提高之後的訓練效果不高。） The team normally does not meet until the second day after the match. Practice sessions always start at 11:00 am. A relaxed practice atmosphere is very important to Wenger, which is why he requires his players to arrive at the training camp one hour early, so they can mentally prepare themselves for the 90-minute session ahead, at leisure and without stress. （球隊通常到比賽後的第二天中午才集合。練習時段十一點開始。一溫格很重視輕鬆的訓練氣氛，所以他要求球員必須提早一小時到訓練場，這樣才不會匆忙，心裡上可以好好準備接下來九十分鐘的練習。） Two days before a match, practice lasts only 60 minutes and typically focuses on set plays and short-term exertions (like sprints and shooting) that require lots of takeoff power. （比賽兩天前，通常只練習六十分鐘，且多半在練習定位球，與短跑射門等需要爆發力的訓練。） Team-building（球隊建立） During practice, Wenger demonstrates the same excitement and engagement he requires of his players. The mood is positive and light, even though all the players are intensely focused. Since practice sessions are frequently closed to the public (including journalists), everyone involved can play "naturally." When asked about the potential difficulty of working with so many so-called "stars," Wenger replied: "It isn't difficult at all! Without cameras, journalists and kibitzers, every player can be natural, and no one has to put on an act. So everyone interacts normally. Problems only arise when the media is constantly present." （在練習時，溫格展示了與球員一樣的熱誠與投入。氣氛正面，輕鬆，即使球員們注意力很集中。因為常常所有的練習時段不讓公眾採訪（包括記者），所以每個球員可以"自然地"練球。當被問到跟這些大牌球員一起共事會不會很困難時，溫格說：一點都不困難。沒有鏡頭，記者等閒人，球員們可以自然的練球，沒有人必須要矯做。只有記者在旁邊時，才會有問題。） Arsenal holds only one press conference per week (every Friday). （兵工廠只有每週五才做記者採訪） The team gathers together for lunch and the break (massage, etc.) that follows. Afterwards, players are allowed to leave the training camp. Altogether, they spend four to five hours "on campus" every day. （球隊聚在一起吃中餐與之後的休息，如按摩，之後球員可以自由離去訓練廠，每天他們大概在訓練基地呆停留四到五小時。） Practice schedule and exercises （練習時段與項目） Every practice session is informed and shaped by observations from the previous match. However, we can sketch an outline of a typical session: （每個練習時段都是非正式，且都是根據上一場比賽的觀察結果所擬定的。即使如此，我們還使可以大概描述一下一個典型的訓練時段：） Warm-up takes place indoors and consists of cycling, soccer tennis and strength exercises. Strength training exercises are determined at the beginning of each warm-up and led by a fitness coach. （熱身在室內做，包括踩單車，足網球，還有伸展操，伸展操內容在每次熱身時段由體能教練決定） To help determine the direction of individual fitness training, endurance and speed tests take place throughout the season as necessary. （為了決定個別的體能訓練方向，耐久力訓練與速度測驗整個賽季都有） The main session starts with small games focusing on attack tactics: short pass combinations, moving up from the backfield, and 1 v. 1 situations on the goal. Alternatively, this part of the session may also focus on technique, coordination or speed.（主要的訓練時段，以注重在攻擊方面的小比賽做開始：短傳配合，從後場推進，在門前一對一。或者也可改變重點在技巧，協調或速度。） Players then move on to practice positional play and finishing, as well as individual and group tactics such as the back four, defensive play for midfielders and attackers, offsides situations and defending in 1 v. 1 situations. （球員們接著訓練有關站位與finishing，以及個人與團體的戰術，比如後衛四人的防守，中場與前鋒球員的防守，各種越位情形與一對一的防守。） The session concludes with endurance training: primarily practice games, occasionally running without the ball.（最後以耐久力訓練作總結：除了練習比賽外，偶爾會跑跑步） According to Wenger's training concept, these methods are essential for successful tactical play (compact defence, forward passes, short pass combinations). （在溫格的訓練觀念裡，這些訓練內容都是為了達到成功的比賽戰術：緊收的防守，向前傳球，短傳配合） For exercises focusing on attacking play, Wenger uses fields designed according to his specifications. This allows players to approximate the tactics they expect to use in the next match and the required techniques more closely. Since a smaller field speeds up the game, players are forced to deal with intense time and opposition pressure. （在訓練攻擊的方面，溫格使用他自己裁製的訓練場。這樣球員才可以把戰術與合適的技巧應用在下一場比賽裡。因為小場地會讓訓練比賽速度加快，球員們被迫去適應時間上與來自對手的壓力。） Training with practice games（用模擬比賽訓練） While Wenger delegates plenty of work to his two assistant coaches, he still takes on the majority of the responsibility for training himself. He discusses the schedule with his assistants before each practice session. This structured planning and the division of labour it requires makes a difference that shows. （溫格將許多工作分配給他的助理教練，但他仍然承擔著大部分的訓練責任。在每個訓練時段前，他與助理們討論訓練時間表。這樣可以結構化訓練計畫與體力勞力的分配） Whether it is a complex tactics exercise or a simple speed exercise without the ball, Wenger pays close attention, analyses results and makes corrections as needed. In this way he shares with players his optimism and confidence that the same mistake will not happen again on the next try. Though the pace is intense and concentration is essential, players are still supposed to have fun at practice. Wenger yells out encouragement and gives each player clear commands and instructions during the exercises. （不論是複雜的戰術練習，還是簡單的無球速度訓練。溫格都很注意且分析結果，並加以修正。於此他與球員們分享他的樂觀與信心，鼓勵他們下次嘗試時，這樣的錯誤不會再犯。雖然訓練節奏快且及需要球員們的注意力集中，球員們還是能輕鬆練習。溫格會大喊並鼓勵球員們，在練習中跟他們說該如何做。） Typical games and exercises to teach individual, group and team tactical play are introduced during the practice sessions. Coordination and technique exercises also show up on a regular basis. (在典型的比賽與訓練中，會教導個別球員，小組，與隊伍有關比賽戰術。協調與技巧練習也經常在實施) Players practice the flat four with 4 v. 4 or 5 v. 5 games on one goal.（練習：四個平行站位後衛，在四對四，五對五防守一個球門的情形） Note: Sometimes the players themselves request this exercise at the end of a week, to help solidify their defence tactics.（附註：有時球員他們自己會在週五要求這項練習，去幫助他們加強防守） 8 v. 8 exercises on one goal focus on cooperation between the back four and the midfield.（八對八，單球門的練習，注重在中場與四個後衛間的協調防守） 9 v. 0 positional games on one goal (without opponents) help players reinforce and solidify passing and running patterns. （九對零，單球門的站位比賽，沒有對手，這樣可以讓球員加強傳球與跑位模式） 8 v. 8 exercises on two goals (in a half or two-thirds of a field, always extending across the entire width of the field) let players practice moving the attack forward.（八對八，雙球門的練習，用到一半或是三分之二長度的球場，寬度則是完全用到。讓球員練習往前移動） Coordination training and technique combined with speed round out the program. （最後用協調訓練與速度訓練總結） (待續) -- ※ 發信站: 批踢踢實業坊(ptt.cc) ◆ From: 80.229.140.103 ※ 編輯: wadissimo 來自: 80.229.140.103 (12/22 00:47)